Browsing by Author "Abor, Joshua Yindenaba"

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    Impact of political and legal environments on international trade
    (Springer, 2024-11-07) Abugre, James Atambilla; Nellis, Joe; Ofosu-Dorte, David; Ocran, Matthew Kofi; Abor, Joshua Yindenaba
    International trade has become increasingly important in the functioning of the global economy as a result of financial globalization and differences in resource endowments, prompting extensive economic research and increased demand for regional and global integration among nations and continents. International trade is one of the most salient changes in the world economy since 1980. However, many nations and other regional economic blocs have over the years instituted trade restrictions, tariffs, trade policies such as subsidies, and tax waivers among others to harness the potentials of economic comparative advantages in and within their jurisdictions. Political ideologies, instability, and insurgencies and risks are important factors that affect international trade across the globe. Legal regimes are equally important factors that determine the flow of free trade among nations. Civil and common law countries which have different focus of trade regulations and dividend policies are critical matters that affect trade decisions among MNCs and countries. This chapter examines the political and legal environments of international trade. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the emerging political and legal environments in Africa. We then discuss how the political as well as the legal environments and policy trends impact international trade of African countries.
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    Multilateral development banks: contributions and challenges
    (Springer, 2024-07-01) Abor, Joshua Yindenaba; Subramanian, Lakshmy; Iddrisu, Khadijah; Nsor-Ambala, Randolph
    This chapter examines the contributions of Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) as well as discusses the challenges confronting them. MDBs obtain their funding from a variety of sources, including the global capital market, contributions and special donations from members, proceeds from the issue of bonds and partnerships, etc., which aid in their ability to fund their activities. Their main operations include the provision of financing, the creation of knowledge products, and serving as a significant source of data collection and analysis, which results in the improvement of policy and the generation of ideas for efficient policy planning and execution. Their contributions include providing a steady source of funding, aiding middle-income nations, meeting a range of development needs, and providing a variety of complementary comparative advantages. However, the severity and regularity of numerous crises have also created major difficulties for MDBs, including resource competition, increase in ad hoc funding decisions, funding vulnerabilities, proliferation of MDB alternatives, and geographical distribution of power. In order to align national and global requirements, it is crucial to revamp the financing patterns of multilateral activities. This can be achieved through the implementation of innovative financial and policy incentives, meticulous evaluation of multilateral funding decisions, enhanced data collection mechanisms, and a more effective prioritisation of multilateral activities.