Browsing by Author "Cooper, Jonathan"

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    Paper-based devices for rapid diagnosis and wastewater surveillance
    (Elsevier, 2022-09-06) Pan, Yuwei; Mao, Kang; Hui, Qinxin; Wang, Baojun; Cooper, Jonathan; Yang, Zhugen
    Infectious diseases are a global concern for public health resulting in high rates of infection with subsequent health and socio-economic impacts through resulting morbidity and mortality. The emergence of such diseases has motivated researchers to develop cost-effective, rapid and sensitive analytical methods and devices to better understand the transmission routes of infections within populations. To this end, rapid and low-cost diagnosis and testing devices for infectious diseases are attracting increasing amounts of attention, e.g., through using paper-based analytical devices (PADs). In this paper, the recent development of PADs is critically reviewed both for the diagnosis of inviduals and population health, by using devices for testing wastewater. Finally, the review also focuses on PADs for the analysis of bacteria and viruses in wastewater, together with a discussion on thee future development of PADs for rapid diagnosis and wastewater surveillance.
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    Viral metagenome reveals microbial hosts and the associated antibiotic resistome on microplastics
    (Springer, 2024-06-14) Li, Ruilong; An, Xin-Li; Wang, Yijin; Yang, Zhugen; Su, Jian-Qiang; Cooper, Jonathan; Zhu, Yong-Guan
    Microplastics provide a unique niche for viruses, promoting viral interactions with hosts and accelerating the rapid ‘horizontal’ spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Currently, however, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the main drivers for viral distribution on microplastics and on the resulting patterns of viral biogeographic distributions and the spread of the associated ARGs. Here we performed metagenomic and virus enrichment-based viromic sequencings on both polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics along a river. Experimental results show that Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria were the potential hosts of viruses on microplastics, but only approximately 4.1% of viral variations were associated with a bacterial community. Notably, two shared ARGs and six metal resistance genes were identified in both viral and their host bacterial genomes, indicating the occurrence of horizontal gene transfer between viruses and bacteria. Furthermore, microplastics introduce more distinctive elements to viral ecology, fostering viral diversification and virus–host linkage while refraining from an escalated level of horizontal gene transfer of ARGs in contrast to natural matrixes. Our study provides comprehensive profiles of viral communities, virus-related ARGs and their driving factors on microplastics, highlighting how these anthropogenic niches provide unique interfaces that comprise highly defined viral ecological features in the environment.