Browsing by Author "Pena, Blanca"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Machine learning in sustainable ship design and operation: a review
    (Elsevier, 2022-10-22) Huang, Luofeng; Pena, Blanca; Liu, Yuanchang; Anderlini, Enrico
    The shipping industry faces a large challenge as it needs to significantly lower the amounts of Green House Gas emissions. Traditionally, reducing the fuel consumption for ships has been achieved during the design stage and, after building a ship, through optimisation of ship operations. In recent years, ship efficiency improvements using Machine Learning (ML) methods are quickly progressing, facilitated by available data from remote sensing, experiments and high-fidelity simulations. The data have been successfully applied to extract intricate empirical rules that can reduce emissions thereby helping achieve green shipping. This article presents an overview of applying ML techniques to enhance ships’ sustainability. The work covers the ML fundamentals and applications in relevant areas: ship design, operational performance, and voyage planning. Suitable ML approaches are analysed and compared on a scenario basis, with their space for improvements also discussed. Meanwhile, a reminder is given that ML has many inherent uncertainties and hence should be used with caution.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Towards a full-scale CFD guideline for simulating a ship advancing in open water
    (Taylor and Francis, 2023-01-17) Huang, Luofeng; Pena, Blanca; Thomas, Giles
    Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of a ship’s operations are generally conducted at model scale, but the reduced scale changes the fluid behaviour around the ship. Whilst ideally ship simulations should be run directly at full scale, a guide has not been published to advise on the suitable setups that can provide accurate results while minimizing the computational cost. To address this, the present work explores an optimal approach for full-scale ship simulations. Extensive sensitivity studies were conducted on relevant computational setups to investigate their influences on the prediction of ship resistance, ship-generated waves as well as the boundary-layer flow of the hull. A set of CFD setups for full-scale ship simulations in open water was recommended. It was demonstrated that the ideal Y+ and Courant numbers in full scale are evidently different from those given in current model-scale CFD guidelines, indicating the necessity to establish full-scale CFD guidelines separately.