Browsing by Author "Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan"

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    Cleaner technologies to combat heavy metal toxicity
    (Elsevier, 2021-07-10) Rebello, Sharrel; Sivaprasad, M. S.; Anoopkumar, A. N.; Jayakrishnan, Lekshmi; Aneesh, Embalil Mathachan; Narisetty, Vivek; Sindhu, Raveendran; Binod, Parameswaran; Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan; Pandey, Ashok
    Heavy metals frequently occur as silent poisons present in our daily diet, the environment we live and the products we use, leaving us victims to various associated drastic health and ecological bad effects even in meagre quantities. The prevalence of heavy metals can be traced from children's toys, electronic goods, industrial effluents, pesticide preparation, and even in drinking water in some instances; necessitating methods to remediate them. The current review discusses the various physicochemical and biological methods employed to tackle the problem of heavy metal pollution. Apart from the conventional methods following the principles of adsorption, precipitation, coagulation, and various separation techniques, the advancements made in the directions of biological heavy metal detoxification using microbes, plants, algae have been critically analyzed to identify the specific utility of different agents for specific heavy metal removal. The review paper is a nutshell of different heavy metal remediation strategies, their merits, demerits, and modifications done to alleviate process of heavy metal pollution.
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    Lignocellulose in future biorefineries: strategies for cost-effective production of biomaterials and bioenergy
    (Elsevier, 2021-10-28) Reshmy, R.; Philip, Eapen; Madhavan, Aravind; Sirohi, Ranjna; Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan; Binod, Parameswaran; Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar; Vivek, Narisetty; Kumar, Vinod; Sindhu, Raveendran
    Lignocellulosic biomass has been emerging as a biorefinery precursor for variety of biofuels, platform chemicals and biomaterials because of its specific surface morphology, exceptional physical, chemical and biological characteristics. The selection of proper raw materials, integration of nano biotechnological aspects, and designing of viable processes are important to attain a cost-effective route for the development of valuable end products. Lignocellulose-based materials can prove to be outstanding in terms of techno-economic viability, as well as being environmentally friendly and reducing effluent load. This review should facilitate the identification of better lignocellulosic sources, advanced pretreatments, and production of value-added products in order to boost the future industries in a cleaner and safer way.
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    Molecular biology interventions for activity improvement and production of industrial enzymes
    (Elsevier, 2020-12-24) Bhatia, Shashi Kant; Vivek, Narisetty; Kumar, Vinod; Chandel, Neha; Thakur, Meenu; Kumar, Dinesh; Yang, Yung-Hun; Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan; Kumar, Gopalakrishnan
    Metagenomics and directed evolution technology have brought a revolution in search of novel enzymes from extreme environment and improvement of existing enzymes and tuning them towards certain desired properties. Using advanced tools of molecular biology i.e. next generation sequencing, site directed mutagenesis, fusion protein, surface display, etc. now researchers can engineer enzymes for improved activity, stability, and substrate specificity to meet the industrial demand. Although many enzymatic processes have been developed up to industrial scale, still there is a need to overcome limitations of maintaining activity during the catalytic process. In this article recent developments in enzymes industrial applications and advancements in metabolic engineering approaches to improve enzymes efficacy and production are reviewed
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    Progress in microalgal mediated bioremediation systems for the removal of antibiotics and pharmaceuticals from wastewater
    (Elsevier, 2022-02-16) Chandel, Neha; Ahuja, Vishal; Gurav, Ranjit; Kumar, Vinod; Tyagi, Vinay Kumar; Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan; Kumar, Gopalakrishnan; Kumar, Deepak; Yang, Yung-Hun; Bhatia, Shashi Kant
    Worldwide demand for antibiotics and pharmaceutical products is continuously increasing for the control of disease and improvement of human health. Poor management and partial metabolism of these compounds result in the pollution of aquatic systems, leading to hazardous effects on flora, fauna, and ecosystems. In the past decade, the importance of microalgae in micropollutant removal has been widely reported. Microalgal systems are advantageous as their cultivation does not require additional nutrients: they can recover resources from wastewater and degrade antibiotics and pharmaceutical pollutants simultaneously. Bioadsorption, degradation, and accumulation are the main mechanisms involved in pollutant removal by microalgae. Integration of microalgae-mediated pollutant removal with other technologies, such as biodiesel, biochemical, and bioelectricity production, can make this technology more economical and efficient. This article summarizes the current scenario of antibiotic and pharmaceutical removal from wastewater using microalgae-mediated technologies.