Batista Segui, María del MarHess, TimSakrabani, RubenTyrrel, Sean2017-08-142017-08-142017-04-18Seguí MD, Hess T, Sakrabani R, Tyrrel S, Long-term phosphorus removal in land treatment systems: Evaluation, experiences, and opportunities, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 47, Issue 5, pp. 314-3341064-3389http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/12312http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2017.1318617Excessive release of phosphorus (P) from urban wastewater into water bodies is a significant environmental concern. Land treatment systems (LTS) have been used for the last 150 years as a low-cost and low-energy tertiary wastewater treatment. However, their P removal capacity is limited by soil adsorption capacity. Accurate P-removal lifespan prediction is needed to provide confidence in this technology and to support long-term wastewater treatment planning. This review outlines the history of LTS, describes the main P removal processes in soils, and critically analyzes the research methods used to date to assess long-term P removal in soil. Finally, an assessment is made of the role that modeling tools can play in aiding our understanding of P processes in LTS soils and in forecasting system longevity.enAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/LongevityModelingPhosphorusSoilWastewater treatmentArticle