Knobloch, HenriSchroedl, WielandTurner, ClaireChambers, MarkReinhold, Petra2010-01-232010-01-232010-01Henri Knobloch, Wieland Schroedl, Claire Turner, Mark Chambers, Petra Reinhold, Electronic nose responses and acute phase proteins correlate in blood using a bovine model of respiratory infection, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Volume 144, Issue 1, 29 January 2010, Pages 81-870925-4005http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2009.10.034.http://hdl.handle.net/1826/4178This study aimed (i) to assess the ability of electronic nose (e-nose) technology to differentiate between blood samples of experimentally infected and non-infected subjects, and (ii) to evaluate e-nose responses given by volatile organic compounds in relation to the acute phase reaction generated in the host. In an animal model of gram-negative bacterial infection (20 calves; intratracheal inoculation of Mannheimia haemolytica A1), the concentrations of the acute phase proteins (APPs; i.e. lipopolysaccharide binding protein and haptoglobin) were measured in serum samples before and after challenge, and headspaces of pre- and post-inoculation serum samples were analysed using a conducting polymer based e-nose. Significant changes of certain e-nose sensor responses allowed discrimination between samples before and after challenge. The maximal changes in responses of sensitive e-nose sensors corresponded to the peak of clinical signs. Significant correlations linked decreasing responses of multiple e-nose sensors to increasing concentrations of APPs in the peripheral blood.enelectronic noseacute phase proteins (APP),animal modelgram-negative bacterialMannheimia haemolytica A1host responseArticle