Novák, PavelBelezze, TizianoCabibbo, MarcelloGamsjäger, ErnstWiessner, ManfredRajnovic, DraganJaworska, LucynaHanus, PavelShishkin, AndreiGoel, GauravGoel, Saurav2021-02-252021-02-252021-02-13Novák P, Belezze T, Cabibbo M, et al., (2021) Solutions of critical raw materials issues regarding iron-based alloys. Materials, Volume 14, Issue 4, February 2021, Article number 8991996-1944https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14040899https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/16412The Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) list has been defined based on economic importance and supply risk by the European Commission. This review paper describes two issues regarding critical raw materials: the possibilities of their substitution in iron-based alloys and the use of iron-based alloys instead of other materials in order to save CRMs. This review covers strategies for saving chromium in stainless steel, substitution or lowering the amounts of carbide-forming elements (especially tungsten and vanadium) in tool steel and alternative iron-based CRM-free and low-CRM materials: austempered ductile cast iron, high-temperature alloys based on intermetallics of iron and sintered diamond tools with an iron-containing low-cobalt binder.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/critical raw materialssubstitutionironalloyArticle