Browsing by Author "Mwakalila, Shadrack"

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    Measuring, modeling and mapping ecosystem services in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania
    (V.H. Winston & Son, Inc., 2011-10-31T00:00:00Z) Fisher, Brendan; Turner, R. Kerry; Burgess, Neil D.; Swetnam, Ruth D.; Green, Jonathan; Green, Rhys; Kajembe, George; Kulindwa, Kassim; Lewis, Simon L.; Marchant, Rob; Marshall, Andrew R.; Madoffe, Seif; Munishi, P. K. T.; Morse-Jones, Sian; Mwakalila, Shadrack; Paavola, Jouni; Naidoo, Robin; Ricketts, Taylor; Rouget, Rouget; Willcock, Simon; White, Sue; Balmford, Andrew
    In light of the significance that ecosystem service research is likely to play in linking conservation activities and human welfare, systematic approaches to measuring, modeling and mapping ecosystem services (and their value to society) are sorely needed. In this paper we outline one such approach, which we developed in order to understand the links between the functioning of the ecosystems of Tanzania's Eastern Arc Mountains and their impact on human welfare at local, regional and global scales. The essence of our approach is the creation of a series of maps created using field-based or remotely sourced data, data-driven models, and socio-economic scenarios coupled with rule-based assumptions. Here we describe the construction of this spatial information and how it can help to shed light on the complex relationships between ecological and social systems. There are obvious difficulties in operationalizing this approach, but by highlighting those which we have encountered in our own case-study work, we have also been able to suggest some routes to overcoming these impediments
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    Water for Everyone
    (Tanzania Forest Conservation Group, 2014-06) Ashagre, Biniam; White, Sue; Mwakalila, Shadrack; Platts, Philip; Schaafsma, Marije; Smith, Celina
    Around one in ten Tanzanians source their water from rivers originating in the Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM). In Dar es Salaam, the main water source is the Ruvu River, flowing from Uluguru Nature Reserve, from which around 300 million litres are extracted daily. Moreover, at least half of Tanzanian hydroelectricity is generated from EAM rivers. The EAM contain moist forest assemblages as well as large areas of miombo woodland at lower elevations and on drier leeward aspects. These biomes are believed to play significant roles in the regulation of hydrological flow, flood mitigation and soil conservation. Despite this hypothesised importance, the interactions between river flow, habitat type and land use are not well understood. To explore these complexities, the Valuing the Arc programme (VTA) parameterised a detailed, daily water model called SWAT to model the hydrology of two focal catchments: the Sigi in Tanga Region and the Ruvu in Morogoro region. In addition, we developed a broader scale, monthly model (WatR) to tentatively explore hydrological flow across the wider VTA region.