Staff publications (SATM)

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Browsing Staff publications (SATM) by Publisher "AHFE International"

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    Communication components for Human Intention Prediction – a survey
    (AHFE International, 2023-07-24) Khan, Fahad; Asif, Seemal; Webb, Phil
    In this review we address the communication components for human intention prediction for Human-robot collaboration (HRC). The HRC is the approach in which human and robot(s) work towards achieving the same goal. The interaction can be both levels physical and cognitive. The traditional settings of the HRC system provides fixed robot program based on waypoints or gestures. It is difficult to predefine the instructions of the situation in complex and variable environment. The understanding of human intention on dynamic basis is crucial for the success of such systems. The core character of co-existence of human and the robot is to understand the dynamic scenes of human intentions. To understand the human intention there is need to understand the components of intention communication. This paper provides comprehensive overview about the understanding the intention as communication components and modelling those components by using machine learning technology in HRC. Multiple ways of communicating intention are possible by using speech, action, gesture, haptic, physiological signals, etc. The article details various approaches to understand the human intention communication aspect particularly in the Human Robot Collaboration setting.
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    Smart packaging: overcoming barriers to medication adherence for older adults
    (AHFE International, 2024) Khayamian Esfahani, Bahar; Milisavljevic-syed, Jelena; C Lee, Kalok
    Medication adherence is essential for managing ageing illnesses due to the growing population of older adults who are increasingly multi-medicated. This paper explores the current challenges and future opportunities in enhancing medication adherence for older adults. It highlights the importance of leveraging home-based healthcare technologies for older adults based on their needs. There are various types of healthcare technologies and smart packaging options available in the market today. Some examples include smart pill and medication dispensers with smart packaging features, Mobile applications with reminders, manual pill boxes and organisers. These devices use features such as alarms, reminders, and tracking systems to help older adults with their routine. However, older adults' medication management can be affected by changing needs associated with ageing. As a result of ageing, their cognitive and physical abilities are rapidly changing due to various conditions including dementia, reduced vision, and decreased dexterity. Exploratory interviews were conducted with five older adults age 65 and over. The interviews focused on the participants' experiences with managing their medications, including challenges associated with rapidly changing medical conditions and capabilities. The major concern identified by participants was the complexity of managing multiple medications due to rapidly changing health conditions including forgetfulness, sensory impairments, neurological conditions, and reduced dexterity. The results have opened new avenues for future research in 1) smart packaging and design features that prioritises accessibility and ease of use, 2) leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) in smart packaging towards more personalised products to improve medication adherence in older adults.
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    Understanding deepfakes: a comprehensive analysis of creation, generation, and detection
    (AHFE International, 2023-07-24) Alanazi, Sami; Asif, Seemal
    This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of deepfakes, focusing on their creation, generation, and detection. Deepfakes are realistic fabricated videos, images, or audios generated using artificial intelligence algorithms. While initially seen as a source of entertainment and commercial applications, the negative social consequences of deepfakes have become apparent. They are misused for creating adult content, blackmailing individuals, and spreading misinformation, leading to a decline in trust and potential societal implications. The paper also discusses the importance of legislation in regulating the use of deepfakes and explores techniques for their detection, including machine learning and natural language processing. Understanding deepfakes is essential to address their ethical and legal implications in today's digital landscape.
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    “We don’t need ergonomics anymore, we need psychology!” – The human analysis needed for human-robot collaboration
    (AHFE International, 2022-07-24) Fletcher, Sarah; Eimontaite, Iveta; Webb, Phil; Lohse, Niels
    Human labour has always been essential in manufacturing and, still, no machine or robot can replace innate human complex physical (dexterity) and cognitive (reasoning) skills. Understandably, industry has constantly sought new automation technologies and largely only concerned itself with physical health and safety issues to improve / maintain production processes, but these industrial engineering approaches have largely overshadowed our understanding of wider social and emotional issues that can also significantly impact on human-system performance and wellbeing. In the current climate, industrial automation is rapidly increasing and crucial to manufacturing competitiveness, and requires greater, closer human interaction. Consequently, people’s cognitive-affective abilities have never been more critical and there has never been a more important time to thoroughly understand them. Moreover, industrial engineers are themselves now more aware and interested in understanding how people can better perform tasks in collaboration with intelligent automation and robotics. This paper describes why industry is only now realising the need for psychology, how far research has advanced our knowledge, and how a major UK project is working to develop new human behaviour models to improve effectiveness in the design of human-robot interactions in modern production processes. As one recent anecdotal comment from a UK industrialist set out: “we don’t need ergonomics anymore – our industrial engineers can do that, we need psychology”!