Mapping variability of mycotoxins in individual oat kernels from batch samples: implications for sampling and food safety

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorTeixido-Orries, Irene
dc.contributor.authorMolino, Francisco
dc.contributor.authorCastro-Criado, Bianca
dc.contributor.authorJodkowska, Monika
dc.contributor.authorMedina, Angel
dc.contributor.authorMarín, Sonia
dc.contributor.authorVerheecke-Vaessen, Carol
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-23T08:57:38Z
dc.date.available2025-01-23T08:57:38Z
dc.date.freetoread2025-01-23
dc.date.issued2025-01-11
dc.date.pubOnline2025-01-11
dc.description.abstractOats are susceptible to contamination by Fusarium mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), and T-2/HT-2 toxins, posing food safety risks. This study analyses the variation in levels of 14 mycotoxins in 200 individual oat kernels from two DON-contaminated batch samples (mean = 3498 µg/kg) using LC-MS/MS. The samples also contained deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3G), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), and ZEN. Contamination levels varied notably among individual kernels, with DON detected in 70% of them, followed by DON-3G (24.5%) and 3-ADON (20.5%). Importantly, 8% of kernels exceeded the EU legal limit for DON (1750 µg/kg), and some occasionally surpassed limits for ZEN and T-2/HT-2. Correlation analyses revealed strong associations between DON and its derivatives but weaker correlations with other toxins. Mycotoxin ratios varied widely, indicating that although they often co-occur, their concentrations differ between kernels. Contamination did not significantly impact kernel weight, though a slight trend toward lower weights in contaminated kernels was noted. Additionally, sampling statistics showed that as the percentage of selected kernels increased, the probability of batch sample rejection for DON contamination rose significantly. The study highlights the heterogeneity of mycotoxin contamination in oat batches, emphasising the importance of accurate detection and regulatory compliance to ensure safer oat-based products.
dc.description.journalNameToxins
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Project PID2020-114836RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and by the Spanish Ministry of Universities (predoctoral grant FPU21/00073). Additionally, this research received funding from the EU Project 101079173-FunShield4Med (HORIZON-WIDERA-2021-ACCESS-03).
dc.identifier.citationTeixido-Orries I, Molino F, Castro-Criado B, et al., (2025) Mapping variability of mycotoxins in individual oat kernels from batch samples: implications for sampling and food safety. Toxins, Volume 17, Issue 1, January 2025, Article number 34
dc.identifier.eissn2072-6651
dc.identifier.elementsID562361
dc.identifier.issn2072-6651
dc.identifier.issueNo1
dc.identifier.paperNo34
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17010034
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/23412
dc.identifier.volumeNo17
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.publisher.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/17/1/34
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject3214 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
dc.subject32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
dc.subject2 Zero Hunger
dc.subject3214 Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
dc.subjectmycotoxins
dc.subjectFusarium
dc.subjectdeoxynivalenol
dc.subjectindividual oat kernel
dc.subjectco-occurrence
dc.subjectratios
dc.subjectkernel weight
dc.subjectcontamination heterogeneity
dc.subjectlegislation compliance
dc.subjectsampling
dc.titleMapping variability of mycotoxins in individual oat kernels from batch samples: implications for sampling and food safety
dc.typeArticle
dcterms.dateAccepted2025-01-10

Files

Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
Mapping_variability_of_mycotoxins-2025.pdf
Size:
1.22 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.63 KB
Format:
Plain Text
Description:
Download

Collections

Staff publications (SWEE)