Flame structures and ignition characteristics of torrefied and raw sewage sludge particles at rapid heating rates

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dc.contributor.authorMock, Chinsung
dc.contributor.authorLee, Hookyung
dc.contributor.authorChoi, Sangmin
dc.contributor.authorManovic, Vasilije
dc.date.accessioned2017-04-18T09:43:38Z
dc.date.available2017-04-18T09:43:38Z
dc.date.issued2017-04-07
dc.description.abstractTorrefaction is a promising method for improving the quality of pulverised solid fuel, as it increases the flame stability, radiative heat transfer and energy density of the fuel. Raw sewage sludge contains less fixed carbon and more ash compounds than other biomasses; consequently, it has poor energy quality with a long ignition delay and forms a relatively low, sooty flame. In this study, we directly investigate the combustion behaviours of particles with varying degrees of torrefaction by burning them at 1340 K. The torrefied particles were prepared at different temperatures (473 K or 573 K) for different residence times (10 min or 30 min). The experimental parameters examined were the size range of the particles (150–215 μm and 255–300 μm) and the O2 percentage (10–40%). The particles were entrained from a cold carrier gas into a hot gas stream, igniting a volatile flame that was extinguished a few milliseconds later. These temporal variations in the burning particles were detected by in-situ high-speed photography (7000 frames/s). The torrefaction degree affected the flame structure and varied the ignition delay, due to the mismatched reactivity and soot formation at rapid heating rates. The most torrefied sludge particles exhibited a relatively luminous volatile cloud and a large flame, while preserving the duration of volatile combustion. These observations confirm the improved pulverised combustion of the torrefied sludge particles. We also obtained valuable flame parameters (radius, intensity and combustion time) of the differently torrefied sludge particles.en_UK
dc.identifier.citationChinsung Mock, Hookyung Lee, Sangmin Choi, Vasilije Manovic, Flame structures and ignition characteristics of torrefied and raw sewage sludge particles at rapid heating rates, Fuel, Volume 200, 15 July 2017, Pages 467-480en_UK
dc.identifier.issn0016-2361
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.03.055
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11774
dc.language.isoenen_UK
dc.publisherElsevieren_UK
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectTorrefactionen_UK
dc.subjectSewage sludgeen_UK
dc.subjectVolatilesen_UK
dc.subjectIgnitionen_UK
dc.subjectCombustionen_UK
dc.subjectFlameen_UK
dc.titleFlame structures and ignition characteristics of torrefied and raw sewage sludge particles at rapid heating ratesen_UK
dc.typeArticleen_UK

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