Molecularly imprinted polymers electrochemical sensing: the effect of inhomogeneous binding sites on the measurements. a comparison between imprinted polyaniline versus nanoMIP-Doped polyaniline electrodes for the EIS detection of 17β-Estradiol

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dc.contributor.authorMarinangeli, Alice
dc.contributor.authorChianella, Iva
dc.contributor.authorRadicchi, Eros
dc.contributor.authorManiglio, Devid
dc.contributor.authorBossi, Alessandra Maria
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-11T15:13:39Z
dc.date.available2024-09-11T15:13:39Z
dc.date.freetoread2024-09-11
dc.date.issued2024-27-09
dc.date.pubOnline2024-08-29
dc.description.abstractMolecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic receptors made by template-assisted synthesis. MIPs might be ideal receptors for sensing devices, given the possibility to custom-design selectivity and affinity toward a targeted analyte and their robustness and ability to withstand harsh conditions. However, the synthesis of MIP is an inherently random process that produces a statistical distribution of binding sites, characterized by a variety of affinities. This is verified both for bulk MIP materials and for MIP's thin layers. In the present work, we aimed at assessing the effects of inhomogeneous versus homogeneous imprinted binding sites on electrochemical sensing measurements, and the possible implications on the sensor's performance. In the example of an Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) sensor for the 17β-estradiol (E2) hormone, the scenario of inhomogeneous binding sites was studied by modifying electrodes with an E2-MIP polyaniline (PANI) thin layer, called the "Imprinted PANI layer". In contrast, the condition of discrete and uniform binding sites was epitomized by electrodes modified with a thin PANI layer purposedly doped with E2-MIP nanoparticles (nanoMIPs), which were referred to as "nanoMIP-doped PANI". The behaviors of the two EIS sensors were compared. Interestingly, the sensitivity of the nanoMIP-doped PANI was almost twice with respect to that of the imprinted PANI layer, strongly suggesting that the homogeneity of the binding sites has a fundamental role in the sensor's development. The nanoMIP-doped PANI sensor, which showed a response for E2 in the range 36.7 pM-36.7 nM and had a limit of detection of 2.86 pg/mL, was used to determine E2 in wastewater.
dc.description.journalNameACS Sensors
dc.description.sponsorshipItalian Ministry of Research and University doctoral program PON PNRR D.M.351
dc.format.mediumPrint-Electronic
dc.identifier.citationMarinangeli A, Chianella I, Radicchi E, et al., (2024) Molecularly imprinted polymers electrochemical sensing: the effect of inhomogeneous binding sites on the measurements. a comparison between imprinted polyaniline versus nanoMIP-Doped polyaniline electrodes for the EIS detection of 17β-Estradiol. ACS Sensors, Volume 9, Issue 9, September 2024, pp. 4963-4973
dc.identifier.eissn2379-3694
dc.identifier.elementsID552813
dc.identifier.issn2379-3694
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c01787
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/22911
dc.identifier.volumeNo9
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Society
dc.publisher.urihttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acssensors.4c01787
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject40 Engineering
dc.subject4016 Materials Engineering
dc.subject34 Chemical Sciences
dc.subject17β-estradiol
dc.subjectelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy
dc.subjectheterogeneous binding sites
dc.subjecthomogeneous binding sites
dc.subjectmolecularly imprinted nanoparticles
dc.subjectmolecularly imprinted polymers
dc.subjectpolyaniline
dc.subjectwater pollution
dc.subject3401 Analytical chemistry
dc.subject4009 Electronics, sensors and digital hardware
dc.titleMolecularly imprinted polymers electrochemical sensing: the effect of inhomogeneous binding sites on the measurements. a comparison between imprinted polyaniline versus nanoMIP-Doped polyaniline electrodes for the EIS detection of 17β-Estradiol
dc.typeArticle
dc.type.subtypeJournal Article
dcterms.dateAccepted2024-08-23

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