Post-quantum cryptography and nature-inspired cyber defense: strategic readiness and adaptive techniques for next-gen threat response

Abstract

The emergence of quantum computing poses a transformative challenge to established cybersecurity protocols and traditional cryptographic systems, necessitating an urgent transition toward post-quantum cryptography. As quantum threats evolve from theoretical possibilities to practical risks, governments and industrial sectors are increasingly compelled to develop strategies for adopting quantum-resistant algorithms. This paper evaluates the global landscape of post-quantum security, with a specialized focus on the defense strategies adopted by technologically advanced nations. It investigates the efforts of these countries to construct quantum-resilient security architectures while addressing the distinct technical and resource constraints faced by developing nations. A primary contribution of this research is the analysis of the Industry Readiness Assessment Survey, which evaluates organizational awareness and technical preparedness within the specific context of India’s digital and regulatory environment. The findings highlight the critical importance of mitigating “harvest now, decrypt later” threats through international cooperation and the development of sovereign transition plans. By synthesizing empirical survey data with strategic policy analysis, this paper provides a roadmap for securing national interests and ensuring long-term data integrity against future quantum computational capabilities.