First evidence on the occurrence of multi-mycotoxins and dietary risk exposure to AFB1 along the cassava value chain in Uganda

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dc.contributor.authorOyesigye, Elias
dc.contributor.authorCervini, Carla
dc.contributor.authorOluwakayode, Abimbola
dc.contributor.authorMahuku, George
dc.contributor.authorMedina, Angel
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-16T13:21:11Z
dc.date.available2024-10-16T13:21:11Z
dc.date.freetoread2024-10-16
dc.date.issued2024-11-30
dc.date.pubOnline2024-09-17
dc.description.abstractThis study investigated the occurrence and distribution of multiple mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2, fumonisins B1, B2, ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), and citrinin (CIT)) in cassava products and as assessed the potential risk of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure among cassava consumers. A total of 192 samples of cassava products (96 flour and 96 chips, each with 48 samples from farmer and 48 from wholesaler) were analysed using LC/MS–MS. All positive samples irrespective of their origin (flour or chips) exhibited AFB1 levels exceeding the EU regulatory threshold of 5 µg/kg. The sum of fumonisins (FB1 + FB2), ZEN, and DON were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in cassava flour (14.3 µg/kg; 3.71 µg/kg; 25.1 µg/kg) compared to chips (6.54 µg/kg; 1.25 µg/kg; 0.25 µg/kg), respectively. Aflatoxins G2 was not detected in any of 192 samples. Cassava flour samples from farmers exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) higher mean concentrations of AFB1 (27.1 µg/kg), total aflatoxins (78.2 µg/kg), and ochratoxin A (79.6 µg/kg) in contrast to wholesalers, whose mean levels were notably lower at 8.91, 5.79 µg/kg, and 2.44 µg/kg, respectively, pointing the likely critical source of mycotoxin contamination. Cassava consumers in Northern Uganda are at a higher risk, with an estimated 2.06 cancer cases per 100,000 individuals per year compared to those in Eastern Uganda at 0.25. This study underscores the urgent need for interventions to manage aflatoxins in cassava flour, particularly at farm level in Northern Uganda. It accentuates a shift market to household-level sampling and the need for analytical methods targeting multiple mycotoxins.
dc.description.journalNameMycotoxin Research
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the Commonwealth Scholarship, United Kingdom.
dc.format.extent693-708
dc.format.mediumPrint-Electronic
dc.identifier.citationOyesigye E, Cervini C, Oluwakayode A, et al., (2024) First evidence on the occurrence of multi-mycotoxins and dietary risk exposure to AFB1 along the cassava value chain in Uganda. Mycotoxin Research, Volume 40, November 2024, pp. 693-708
dc.identifier.eissn1867-1632
dc.identifier.elementsID553953
dc.identifier.issn0178-7888
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-024-00556-z
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/23053
dc.identifier.volumeNo40
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.publisher.urihttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12550-024-00556-z
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectMycotoxins
dc.subjectCassava
dc.subjectRisk assessment
dc.subjectLC/MS-MS analysis
dc.subjectUganda
dc.subject30 Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences
dc.subject3006 Food Sciences
dc.subjectCassava
dc.subjectLC/MS–MS analysis
dc.subjectMycotoxins
dc.subjectRisk assessment
dc.subjectUganda
dc.titleFirst evidence on the occurrence of multi-mycotoxins and dietary risk exposure to AFB1 along the cassava value chain in Uganda
dc.typeArticle
dc.type.subtypeJournal Article
dcterms.dateAccepted2024-08-30

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