​​Defining level of service standards for subsidised air transport in Colombia​

Abstract

​​Air transport is vital for regional development and social inclusion in Colombia, especially where road and river connectivity are limited or entirely absent. Despite the strategic role of subsidised air routes operated by SATENA, Colombia lacks a structured framework to assess whether these services adequately meet the needs of isolated communities. This thesis addresses that gap by developing a classification framework to evaluate service levels on subsidises air routes, using a combination of operational, geographic, and socioeconomic indicators. A mixed-methods approach was applied across five case study routes selected to reflect Colombia’s geographic and demographic diversity. Quantitative data were gathered form national aviation and statistical agencies, while qualitative insights were obtained through questionnaires directed at both stakeholders and SATENA users. Service quality variables were weighted using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and combined into a flexible classification model. The results showed significant variation in service adequacy across the five routes. While some service aligned with regional needs, others fell short, particularly in areas with high poverty and limited ground transport. The findings demonstrate that air connectivity in Colombia remains essential but uneven, and that current resource allocation could be improved. This thesis provides a practical framework for assessing subsidised air services and offers clear implications for policy and planning. By incorporating both operational metrics and user perspectives, the model supports data-driven decisions about air transport provision in remote regions of Colombia.​